Financial Fragility , Liquidity , and Asset Prices
نویسندگان
چکیده
We de ne a nancial system to be fragile if small shocks have disproportionately large e¤ects. In a model of nancial intermediation, we show that small shocks to the demand for liquidity cause either high assetprice volatility or bank defaults or both. Furthermore, as the liquidity shocks become vanishingly small, the asset-price volatility is bounded away from zero. In the limit economy, with no shocks, there are many equilibria. However, if banks face idiosyncratic liquidity shocks then the only equilibria that are Acknowledgments: We are grateful to participants at the Cowles Foundation Conference on The Future of American Banking: Historical, Theoretical, and Empirical Perspectives, the ECB Conference on Liquidity Concepts and Financial Instabilities, at Eltville, Germany, and in seminars at Boston University, INSEAD, London Business School, the London School of Economics, New York University, Northwestern University, Stanford University, the University of Iowa, and the Federal Reserve Banks of New York and Kansas City for comments. We particularly thank John Conlon, Russell Cooper, Douglas Diamond, Stephen Morris, Lasse Pedersen, Stacey Schreft, and two anonymous referees and the editor, Patrick Bolton. The nancial support of the National Science Foundation under Grant no. SES 0097109, the Wharton Financial Institutions Center at the University of Pennsylvania, and the C. V. Starr Center for Applied Economics at New York University are gratefully acknowledged. yE-mail addresses: Allen: [email protected]; Gale: [email protected].
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تاریخ انتشار 2004